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Sointula (Kwak'wala: ''t̕łat̕ła̱sk̓udis'' ) is an isolated village on Malcolm Island in British Columbia, Canada. Lying between Vancouver Island and the British Columbia mainland, northeast of Port McNeill and not far from Alert Bay, the island is part of the historic and present territory of the ‘Namgis First Nation. At the 2011 census, the village had a population of 576, down 3.0% from the 2006 census. The name ''Sointula'' means "Place of Harmony" (literally 'the place of chord') in the Finnish language. A group of Finnish settlers founded the village in 1901 after rowing north from Nanaimo. They planned to set up a utopian socialist society known as the ''Kalevan Kansa'', and wrote to visionary Matti Kurikka in Finland to lead the new community. They were looking for a way out of the mines operated by Robert Dunsmuir in Nanaimo. It was a physically hard life and a devastating fire in 1903, that killed three adults and eight children, almost brought the fledgling community to its knees. Financial difficulties continued to plague the group. After they worked for free for two years on the Capilano Bridge project, the Kalevan Kansa was disbanded. Many of the community members remained on the island, as have their descendants. The town remained and prospered well into the 1970s as an unusually vibrant resource-based settlement. Fishing and logging activities have been the mainstay for the community. The early cooperative ventures led to other businesses that are still operating, planting seeds that are also alive today. The Sointula Cooperative Store, the oldest co-op shop in the province, still handles drygoods, groceries and fuel for the islanders. In addition there is a cooperative bakery, Wild Island Foods, which served Finnish bread (''pulla'') and home-cooked meals until the summer of 2008. The shellfish cooperative, Malcolm Island Shellfish Coop (MISC), was involved in research on the feasibility of raising and selling abalone, but closed for financial reasons in 2006. It relocated the abalone to an area near Port McNeill donated by Orca Sand and Gravel. In recent decades, declining forestry and fishing industries have hit Sointula hard. Its school-age population has shrunk, although housing prices have risen as owners from as far as California have bought homes as summer retreats. Sointula is home to Sointula Museum, produces an online newsletter, the ''Sointula Ripple'', and is easy to reach by car ferry, BC Ferries, from Port McNeill or Alert Bay. Wildlife on the island and in the waters around the island is abundant. Orca whales return to the so-called "rubbing beaches" on Malcolm Island's northern edge near Bere Point Regional Park every summer and fall. Seals and porpoises can be viewed from the beaches. Birds, mink, otter, beaver and deer live all over the island. The temperate rainforest vegetation helps to sustain the mood of an uncluttered and peaceful haven. Bill Gaston's 2004 novel ''Sointula'' is named for the community and has a plot that revolves in part around it. Rachel Lebowitz's 2006 book ''Hannus'' is also in partly about the early days of the commune. Paula Wild's book ''Sointula'' gives a good overview of the island ways and its history. More recently, Sointula Museum, collaborating with the University of Victoria, has published ''Practical Dreamers'', a history of the island's cooperatives complete with many historical pictures. In 2013 a Finnish troupe performed the play ''Sointula'' in the village. The troupe had raised $50,000 to be able to visit Sointula and perform.〔 Sointula is also the location of Living Oceans Society's head office, although it also has an office in Vancouver. Living Oceans Society, founded in 1998, is a non-profit research and public education organization committed to conserving marine biological diversity in order to ensure a healthy ocean and healthy coastal communities. It is Canada's largest non-governmental organization focused on marine conservation issues. Kalervo Oberg, a Canadian anthropologist who was born in 1901, as a very young child, came with his family to Sointula in 1902. He and his family were caught in a fire in the Sointula community hall in 1903. He, his brother and parents escaped, but two of his sisters died in the fire. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sointula」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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